#Johan tinge mindfulness skin#

Using data acquired from a short and deception-free predictive cue task, it was found that this Bayesian model predicted ratings of pain better than other, simpler models. This paper details the testing of a model of pain perception which formalises the response to pain in terms of a Bayesian prior-to-posterior updating process. However little is known about the cognitive processes that underpin pain expectations, or what drives the differing effect that pain expectations have between individuals.

The thoughts and feelings people have about pain (referred to as ‘pain expectations’) are known to alter the perception of pain. The findings are relevant for scholars considering using facial NMES in the laboratory. We conclude that willingness to receive facial NMES is generally high across individuals in the studied age range (18–45) and that it is particularly important to reassure participants about facial NMES safety regarding burns and loss of muscle control. Fear of pain was also inversely related to LOTP, but its effect was mediated by the other concerns. LOTP was significantly predicted by participants’ previous knowledge about electrical stimulation and their tendency not to worry about the sensations of pain, and it was inversely related to concerns for burns and loss of muscle control. Results showed that LOTP was generally high and that participants remained more likely to participate than not to, despite a decrease in LOTP after the detailed vignette. The likelihood of taking part (LOTP) in a hypothetical facial NMES study was measured both before and after presenting a detailed vignette about facial NMES including its risks. We investigated these questions in 182 healthy participants.

#Johan tinge mindfulness skin#

Because the technique remains largely unknown, and the prospect of receiving electricity to the face can be daunting, willingness to receive facial NMES is likely to be low and gender differences might exist in the amount of concern for the sensation of pain and skin burns. This research-practice gap warrants attention to ensure people with long-term conditions are optimally supported when facing unattainable goals.įacial neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) is the application of an electrical current to the skin to induce muscle contractions and has enormous potential for basic research and clinical intervention in psychology and neuroscience. Effective interventions to support goal adjustment, disengagement and reengagement are lacking. Our review provides original and significant insights into goal adjustment definitions, theoretical underpinnings and association with recovery. Five interventions were identified only one (self-system therapy) was evaluated in a randomized controlled trial. The Dual Process Model, Goal Adjustment Model and Self-Regulation Theory were most cited underpinning models/theory. Most studies were quantitative (58%), reporting mainly positive associations between goal adjustment, disengagement, reengagement and recovery. Goal adjustment was one available option when faced with unattainable goals other options were goal disengagement and goal re-engagement. A range of long-term conditions were represented including cancer (22%), stroke (12%) and mixed neurological conditions (8%). Two stakeholder consultations informed the review. Data were charted, mapped and synthesized using content analysis and descriptive summaries. We searched multiple databases (January 2007–June 2018) and identified peer-reviewed research relating to goal adjustment. We aimed to map and synthesize definitions of goal adjustment, theoretical underpinnings, associations with recovery and supportive interventions for adults with long-term conditions. Long-term health conditions can limit achievement of personal goals.